Legal Alien Essay Example for Free

Legal Alien Essay Legal Alien, a collection from Chants, is a short free versed poem written by Pat Mora. The poem explores the lives of Mexican-Americans and the cultural tension they have to face. The poet discusses a bi-cultural person whose parents are from Mexico but the person was born and raised in America and is an American citizen by law. Although he can speak fluent English and Spanish, he still has a hard time being accepted by both or one race. Moras use of poetic techniques such as metaphor, tone and antithesis emphasizes her concerns in regards to the issue. Mora uses metaphor to highlight how a bi-cultural individual feels like not being acknowledged by both races. a handy token (line 16) informs the readers that a bi-cultural individual is like a handy instrument that can easily slide from back to forth, from English to Spanish (vice-versa). The person can also adapt very quickly, quicker than those who has only one culture. between the fringes of both worlds (line 18) notify the readers that although the speakers race is Mexican and his nationality is American the speaker isnt fully accepted by both races. Mexicans view the speaker as an alien (line 10) while American view him as exotic, inferior and definitely different (lines 9-10). In this situation, the speaker feels lost in both races thus having an identity crisis. Using tone shapes the ideas of the poem and expresses the poets aggravation towards cultural tension. able to slip from, Hows life? to _Mestanvolviendo loca_ (lines 2-3) this line informs the readers that while the speaker can speak both languages fluently she isnt accepted by both races entirely and the speaker is frustrated, this is evident when she said _Mestanvolviendo loca_(line 3) this means they are driving me crazy in English. By smiling by masking the discomfort of being pre-judged Bi-laterally (lines 19-22) the speaker is unease and sad because she is not accepted by both races. The speaker smiles to conceal his discomfort of being pre-judged immediately without knowing him first. Mora capitalizes Bi-laterally (line 22) and adds a hyphen to draw attention to the readers that the speaker is being judged by both of his heritage. Mora uses antithesis to make the readers more mindful of the opposition. Antitheses is almost visible in every line of the poem where the speaker is describing two different races, Mexican and American, side-by-side with each other but are complete opposites. Examples are Hows life? To _Mestanvolviendo loca_ (lines 2-3), Drafting memos in smooth English, able to order in fluent Spanish at a Mexican restaurant (lines 5-7), Viewed by Anglos as perhaps exotic, perhaps inferior, definitely different, viewed by Mexicans as alien (lines 9-11), An American to Mexicans/ A Mexican to Americans (lines 14- 15). These lines of antithesis draw attention to the cultural tension between Mexican and American in an individuals knowledge. Pat Mora uses poetic techniques such as metaphor, tone and antithesis to show discomfort and frustration of fitting in and being accepted by both races. The readers is predicted to fathom that bi-cultural individuals dont have it so easy fitting in and being accepted by both races even though they can speak both languages, both of their race still dont accept them utterly. That leaves them having an identity crisis thus being called a legal alien, a person who belongs however is not entirely acknowledged by the community.

Ethnic Literature Essay Example for Free

Ethnic Literature Essay The term â€Å"ethnic† when in conjunction with the word â€Å"literature† in the academic discourse community of students, often brings out mixed feelings of excitement and dread. On the one hand, students understand that they will be getting away from the canonical American literature – which can equal boring in their eyes; on the other hand, students interpret the term â€Å"ethnic literature† to mean distinctive – which can equal confusing or ambiguous – and perhaps at times not relatable because it is outside their scope of experiences. Perhaps before jumping into why it matters, the term â€Å"ethnic literature† should be defined first and because I am still learning how to interpret this term myself, I searched for a suitable one I could agree with. I found one in an article entitled â€Å"Assessing Teachers’ Knowledge of Multi-Ethnic Literature†, and the article actually used another source themselves to come up with a workable, layman’s definition. Ethnic literature as defined by D. E. Norton (as the article’s source) is, â€Å"Literature about racial or ethnic minority groups that are culturally and socially different from the white Anglo-Saxon majority in the United States, whose largely middle-class values and customs are most represented in American literature† (qtd. in Hager Thompson 22). I think this definition works well to define what ethnic literature is on a surface level, but the more I dig in, I feel that this idea goes much deeper. I asked myself, who can write about ethnic literature? Can anyone just pick up a pen so to speak and tell a story about a young Japanese boy, or a Hispanic family? Can an African-American writer write about Hispanic or Chinese people and claim it is ethnic literature? And the answer to myself is no. Why? Because unless that African-American has been submersed in the Hispanic or Japanese culture from the time of childhood, how are they going to capture the very essence of being, thinking, and living day-to-day in that culture? And even if that African-American had, they would still most likely have a different perspective from the average Hispanic or Chinese person because of being different themselves (i. e black) and perhaps are treated different by the community at large which corrupts the â€Å"normal† cultural thinking. At this deeper level I am trying to get at, I find John M. Reilly’s article â€Å"Criticism of Ethnic Literature: Seeing the Whole Story† helpful in acquiring this. He states that, â€Å"the assertion of ethnicity in literature can be made only through a procedure by which the writer resolves formal problems what moves from recognition of identity to creation of a strategy for handling reality still is not literature until the individual author sustains her or his ethnic identity through a sequence of formal choices† (4). I am interpreting this to mean that as a reader of this literature, I should see and feel throughout the story (perhaps subtlety) that in some way, the characters mindset (and perhaps actions) in the story differ from my own specifically because of the culture they have grown up in in, which has shaped that character’s thinking. There are thoughts and feelings – ideas, I don’t understand without further explanation from the author, which is sometimes provided, and sometimes not. An example of this is in Brando Skyhorse’s novel The Madonnas of Echo Park, I find myself wondering what the significance of the jacaranda trees mentioned in different parts of the book. Looking up what they are, it becomes apparent to me as jacaranda trees are native to Central America – roots back to their homeland. The blossoms from the trees fall and are scattered everywhere. Felicia in chapter 2 states that â€Å"there’s no way getting away from them† (25). Basically meaning, you cannot escape who you are and where you come from. I would not have understood this had I not explored the history of that tree to uncover the significance in the book. Another example is in Seventeen Syllables in the story â€Å"Seventeen Syllables†. The story about a Japanese family is easy to read, but is hard to connect with as I don’t share the same philosophies about a woman’s place in the Japanese culture. A specific instance in the story was when Mrs. Hayashi, Rosie’s mother received her the first place prize for her stellar Haiku. When the man from the newspaper presented her with a package, Mrs. Hayashi, stating she knew it was unorthodox, asked if she might open it because she was very curious. (Yamamoto 17). At this point, I am thinking to myself, â€Å"I don’t get it – why wouldn’t she open it? † but upon reflection, I considered the patriarchal society that is dominant in this culture, and perhaps it is the wife’s obligation to consult or have the husband open the gift, even if it is not specifically for him. Yet another example is in Oscar Wao by Junot Diaz. To come specifically to the point, I do not understand this idea of why it is understood that Dominican men are supposed to be these â€Å"manly men† that women flock to and fall on their knees for. That the sexual appetite along with innate sense of charisma from Dominican men is expected, and when it’s lacking, it doesn’t go unnoticed. â€Å"Anywhere else his triple-zero batting average with the ladies might have passed without comment, but this is a Dominican kid we’re talking about, in a Dominican family: dude was supposed to have Atomic Level G, was supposed to be pulling in the bitches with both hands† (24). Why is this idea so indoctrinated in this culture according to the book? This is perhaps something I will never understand, except that it is a part of their culture. All of these examples are all good and well, but the important question is why is ethnic literature important? What can be gained from reading it? From a most basic viewpoint, it is a highly effective vehicle for helping people understand themselves and the world around them. Thompson and Hager in their article state that, â€Å"multi-ethnic literature mirrors and validates the experiences for minority groups and juxtaposes the familiar with the less familiar for mainstream children† (22). In other words, through reading ethnic literature, readers can find ways to connect with others around them that are different. The article also states that when readers are exposed to divergent thoughts, language patterns, value systems, and different ways of living, that it can open up awareness about others and create compassion and understanding towards them that might not have happened without the literary exposure (23). To sum it all up, I will never argue against the instruction of ethnic literature in the school setting. In fact, I think teaching it should begin right from the beginning in kindergarten, and perhaps one day we won’t need the designated term â€Å"ethnic literature† – perhaps one day it can just be â€Å"American Literature† and part of the regular American canon of literature. Works Cited Diaz, Junot. The Brief and Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao. New York: Penguin, 2007. Print. Reilly, John. M. â€Å"Criticism of Ethnic Literature: Seeing the Whole Story†. Critical Approaches to Ethnic Literature. 5. 1 (1978): 2-13. Web. 21 Apr. 2012. Skyhorse, Brando. The Madonnas of Echo Park. New York: Free Press, 2010. Print. Thompson, Deborah L. and Jane Meeks Hager. â€Å"Assessing Teachers’ Knowledge of Multi-Ethnic Literature†. Yearbook of the American Reading Forum. 1990. 21-29. Web. 21 Apr. 2012. Yamamoto, Hisaye. Seventeen Syllables. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2001. Print.

Creationism vs. Evolution Essay -- essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Where we come from is a question as old as mankind itself. There are countless numbers of religions, each with their own twist on the origins of earth and mankind, but one of the most highly visible debates would be creationism vs. evolution. Depending on where your beliefs lie, the Earth has been around somewhere in the neighborhood of 6,000 years to 4.5 billion years. One would tend to believe that this vast difference in time would make it impossible to have 2 â€Å"theories† that are so widely accepted. However this debate gives you just that. Each argument has its variations, however it comes down to either God created the Earth and all things in it as they are now or that life today has evolved from a single one-celled organism.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  According to Genesis God created the Earth and all things in it in 7 days (actually six days and one day for a little R&R). There are within the belief wide ranges of explanations for the scientific discoveries in modern times. In 2000 the Presbyterian Church in America (PCA) created a committee to study the first three chapters of the Book of Genesis. What they found were 4 different views of creation days within their group. The first view is that God created the world in 6 consecutive days, with each day being a normal Earth calendar day (24 hours), any geological formations seen today (such as sedimentary rock formations with ten’s of thousands of years of different layers) are said to have come from the Flood in Noah’s time. The most generally accepted date of the creation of the Earth was October 22, 4004 B.C.E. Certain groups such as and especially Christian fundamentalists who believe in the inerrancy and literal interpretation of the Bible a re the main subscribers of this train of thought. One example of how this would be possible even when scientific evidence suggest that the Earth is far older then 6,000 years is that when God created things, he created them with a history. Trees would have been created already containing rings. New mountains would appear already eroded. In short, the world would appear much older then it actually is. Other examples such as the â€Å"Gap Theory† states that the days were in fact 24-hour periods, however there were large gaps of time between each one of them, enough time to accommodate many geological ages. The second view is th... ...tionism. Arkansas wanted equal time for evolution and creationism, while Louisiana was looking for either both be taught or neither. These laws were met with great resistance and were later deemed unconstitutional under the 1st amendment. In an ironical turn of events fundamentalist and evangelical Christians are now trying to get creationism back into the lesson plans of the science department, a total 180 from just 2 decades ago.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The evidence supporting evolution continues to increase, and someday we may be able to prove without a doubt that mankind developed from a more primitive species. Some fundamentalist groups though may never update their way of thinking no matter what science is able to prove, however, in my opinion, the vast majority of the â€Å"developed† world, will eventually make their way to a theistic evolutionary outlook. The combination of science and religion will offer someone the gift of knowledge with the piece of mind of knowing there is some guiding force, and not just some natural process without a specific goal. Albert Einstein said it best when he said, â€Å"Science without religion is lame, religion without science is blind.†

Technology taking over Parenting Essay -- essays research papers

Technology in the world today is becoming more advanced than ever. Parenting is being made easier and harder for some families because of the new technology. Some families do not have the money for the new additions to the technological world and other families have everything they have ever imagined. Amitai Etzioni is a professor at George Washington University. He has written nineteen books including the article â€Å"High-Tech Parenting.† It appeared in The American Enterprise in January of 1998. Etzioni writes on how a relationship between parent and child is becoming nothing more than a virtual relationship. Time usually spent together at home over a homemade dinner is now time spent on the cell phone. I feel that the technology world is coming up with many new features for the parents to make it easier for them. Parents are being given the advantage of blankets to put their children to sleep instead of them having to do it themselves. The parenting world is getting easier. Too busy parents count on beepers and cell phones to keep their children in reach. Instead of the kids counting on the random talks on the way to the movies, mall, or during a long walk on the beach, they now count on a ring or an upbeat tune to let them know its time to talk. This â€Å"beep-and-ring relation† is what is becoming of the families today. This information is very true and Etzioni makes a good point. These parents do not have time for their kids and they use electronics and other devices to talk to them. All families have different morals and the way they teach their kids to do certain things. Etzioni implies there is only one way to do that, cell phones. The readers are most likely to agree with this statement which then leads them to believe eve... ...er families will not punish their kids, no matter what the circumstance is. They were never taught to punish so their kids are that way too. This is when the kids delay turning off the TV or doing their homework until the last minute. In Conclusion, Etzioni is talking only to the business people of the world and not the everyday mom with four kids in the van. He does not take note that all families are different and that not all families have the same morals. He is one sided and exaggerates on the situation. He may not have grown up in a family where mom or dad was at home and his childhood is what he thinks everyone’s is like. Cell phones conversations are replacing the traditional one on one time with daughter and mother, son and father, etc. Etzioni’s article has very good points made in it. It also has points that could be changed to fit the average lifestyle.

My ordinal day at college Essay

My ordinal day at college is an grave event of my existence. To me it is an memorable day. During my education days I had a looking of college lifespan from my beverage brothers and sisters. I was most peculiarly waiting the day when I would begin my college spirit. I mentation that the college sprightliness would request me a issue being; here restrictions would be few and threat of teachers would be soft. At inalterable the longed for day came in. I was admitted to the Government College of my city. I entered the college premises with new hopes and aspirations. I was glad to see that the college presented a new grasp. It was quite diametric from what I had seen in and around our schooltime. I came crossways galore dishonorable faces. I had whatever real fantastical experiences on the forward day of my college brio. I was befuddled to see students activity inside and exterior games and enjoying receiver programmes during class-hours. There is no regulating of homogenous. I observed that the students are unloosen in their movements. They can do things according to their pick. I institute all the new admitted students in squealing intoxicant. They were all joyful to straighten Mends. I emotional say the college. I was rattling some delighted to see the noble depository of the college where I could find books on real field. The college laboratory overexcited my wonder on the really basic day and I got raring to accomplish experiments there. I noted pile the time-table of’ my categorise from the note {school. Apiece dominate is taught by a special educator. Questions are not asked in the classes. Professors do not reproval the students if they miscarry to, inform their lessons. They but verify the students to be sentient of their responsibilities. The students judge here a homey atmosphere which they need n the refine. For this, they reason painless and prosperous here. Read more: Essay On MY FIRST DAY AT COLLEGE Full Essay http://www.friendsmania.net/forum/essay-writing-notes-applications-letters/251688.htm#ixzz37JQ6CozN http://sekho.com.pk/educational-articles/my-first-day-at-college/ http://ue.edu.pk/fee_schedule.asp

Entertainment Industry Essay

1. ENTERTAINMENT INDUSTRY †¢2. INTRODUCTION The story of single-screen theatre has reached its sad end in India. Multi-screen theaters have opened new vistas for the entertainment industry. After the entry of corporate titans like Reliance, the scenario of entertainment services has become more professional than ever. These theaters have changed the entire movie-going experience. †¢3. Multiplexes currently constitute 4-5 % of the 12,900 screens in India, the industry has a long way to go. This is just the beginning of multiplex revolution. In multiplex segment, PVR is the market leader in India. Besides, there are other major players like: Adlabs, Waves, Inox Leisures, Cinemax, Fame etc. These multi-screen theaters have started more facilities for customers like: online ticket booking, attractive sales promotion schemes, home delivery of tickets, SMS booking, toll-free calling services etc. †¢4. CUSTOMER RELATION MANAGEMENT Customer relationship management (CRM) is a broadly recognized, widely-implemented strategy for managing a company’s interactions with customers , clients and sales prospects. †¢5. PHASES The three phases in which CRM support the relationship between a business and its customers are to: Acquire : CRM can help a business acquire new customers through contact management, direct marketing , selling, and fulfillment. Enhance : web-enabled CRM combined with customer service tools offers customers service from a team of sales and service specialists, which offers customers the convenience of one-stop shopping. Retain : CRM software and databases enable a business to identify and reward its loyal customers and further develop its targeted marketing and relationship marketing initiatives. †¢6. STRATEGY For larger-scale enterprises, a complete and detailed plan is required to obtain the funding, resources, and company-wide support that can make the initiative of choosing and implementing a system successful. Benefits must be defined, risks assessed, and cost quantified in three general areas: PROCESSES PEOPLE TECHNOLOGY †¢7. The 7 P’s of Multiplex Cinemas PROCESS PROMOTION PHYSICAL EVIDENCE PEOPLE PLACE PRICE PRODUCT THE MARKETING MIX †¢8. ENTERTAINMENT INDUSTRY This can be explained properly with the bifurcation below. Traditional live entertainment industry : Theater Play writers Actors and Theater directors Music industry Composers and Songwriters Singers and Musicians Orchestras Publication industry Authors Journalists Publishers Printers The 20th century mass media industry : Film studios Cinemas Broadcasting Record industry Theme parks Discothà ¨ques †¢9. WHAT IS A MULTIPLEX INDUSTRY Multiplex is a medium that offers a person composite entertainment comprising of a one stop destination to shop, entertain, and dine and watch a Varity of movies under a common roof. Multiplex are one of the means of lifestyle that offer to viewers the choice of watching a movie in a five star or three star environment. †¢10. SOME FACTS ABOUT MULTIPLEXES Presently there are approximately 13000 screens in India with equal number of space available for the same amount of theatres to be opened. Multiplexes in India are given benefits for their development as they form a major part of the entertainment industry. Benefits such as overall tax concession, reduction in entertainment tax and so on are provided by the govt. †¢11. COMPETITIVE RIVALRY WITHIN THE INDUSTRY THREATS OF NEW ENTRANTS THREATS OF SUBSTITUTES BARGAINING POWER OF CUSTOMERS BARGAINING POWER OF SUPPLIERS PORTER’S FIVE FORCE MODEL †¢12. PROBLEMS FACED BY THE INDUSTRY- Indiscipline among filmmakers. This made the industry fragmented and disorganized. Piracy leading to massive losses for the industry. Lack of resources in terms of finance, human etc. Lack of corporatized management. Limited studio space and lack of security lending to an expensive foreign locales resulting in drain of resources. Reluctance of financial institutions to fund non asset based ventures Lack of expertise to handle latest equipments. †¢13. Services Provided Multiplexes provides the user, Entertainment-related information Pricing Availability Reservations for ticket for its cineplexes. Theatre Environment Auditorium Seating Restrooms Parking Area Film Presentation Sound Quality Picture Quality Volume Food Service Cleanliness of Snack Bar Selection of Concessions Taste/Temp of Food Item Personnel Ticket Cashier Snack Bar Attendant Handling of Problems †¢14. SWOT ANALYSIS OF ENTERTAINMENT INDUSTRY STRENGHTS most booming sectors in India Change in the lifestyle and spending patterns of the Indian masses on entertainment. Technological innovations WEAKNESSES 1. The Entertainment sector in India is highly fragmented. 2. The lack of efforts for media penetration in lower socio-economic classes, where the media penetration is low. 3. The film exhibition business’s fortunes depend on the success of the films they are showing 4. Rapid development of digital technology and the advancement in the broadband and networking space 5. Low margins and seasonal factors in the movie exhibition . †¢15. OPPORTUNITIES The Indian film industry is the largest film industry in the world in terms of no. of films produced and tickets sold each year expecting growth will be continued in coming years. The increasing interest of global investors in this sector. The media penetration is poor for the poorer sections of the society, offering opportunities of expansion in this area Rise in viewership and advertisement expenditure. THREATS Piracy, violation of intellectual property rights poses a major threat to media and entertainment concerns. Rapid innovations in technological sector. Increased competition with other entertainment sector like IPL, affect the occupancy rate in theatre. †¢16. Research Objective The major objective of this research was to determine the factors that constitute the bases of customer relationship management (CRM) wrt.two multiplexes in Noida city Waves and Adlabs. †¢17. Research Methodology The study was an explanatory meant for the purpose of investigation of factors that constitute the foundation of CRM in entertainment sector. Based on these factors , Adlabs and waves multiplexes were compared .this reserch was conducted on 100 movies-goers in noida (50 visitors of Adlabs and 50 of Waves ) which included students , business men , executives, family etc. †¢18. Tool For Data Collection And Analysis For primary data collection , a self administered and non disguised five point scale questionnaire containing 21 statements was used For the research , some hypothesis were formulated and tested for significance to prove the objective in scientific manner. †¢19. Results and Discussions Ambience: this factor was constituted of level of comfort in multiplex , fully air conditioned hall, plush and comfort chairs. Amenities: This factor constituted customer friendly services , food joints , drinking water facilities , neat and clean toilets and kid zone etc .. †¢20. Speedy services : This factor constituted spped of ticket booking , facility of quick location of speed , speed of services in restaurnant . Staffs cooperativeness: This factor constituted the friendly behaviour by staff, their problem solving attitude . †¢21. Online services : The factor constituted the range of online services provided by multiplex , online ticket booking and online payment system. Infrastructure : The factor constituted infrastructural components like building and other facilities. †¢22. Conclusion and Implications The study has determined six factors: ambience amenities speedy services staffs cooperativeness online service and  infrastructure. The result of this study can be of use for multiplex theatres via-a-vis single screen theatres. This study can be made on large sample and comparison across various cities can be done. However, this study is limited to noida city only . The study has wide implications for the industry in specific. Much work can be done towards strengthening CRM practices in multiple segments in INDIA .

tragoed Oedipus the King (Oedipus Rex) as Ideal Tragic Hero

Oedipus Rex as the Ideal Tragic Hero If we give ourselves up to a full sympathy with the hero, there is no question that the Oedipus Rex fulfills the function of a tragedy, and arouses fear and pity in the highest degree. But the modern reader, coming to the classic drama not entirely for the purpose of enjoyment, will not always surrender himself to the emotional effect. He is apt to worry about Greek fatalism and the justice of the downfall of Oedipus, and, finding no satisfactory solution for these intellectual difficulties, loses half the pleasure that the drama was intended to produce. Perhaps we trouble ourselves too much concerning the Greek notions of fate in human life. We are inclined to regard them with a lively†¦show more content†¦By the light of this vision the wise man preserves a just balance among his natural impulses, and firmly and consistently directs his will and emotions toward the supreme end which reason approves. He has, therefore, an inward happiness which cannot be shaken save by grea t and numerous outward calamities, and, moreover, he attains an adequate external prosperity, since, other things being equal, the most sensible people are the most successful, and misfortune is due, in large measure, to lack of knowledge or lack of prudence. Even if he is crushed beneath an overwhelming catastrophe from without, the ideas character of the Ethics is not an object of fear and pity, for the truly good and sensible man bears all the chances of life with decorum, and always does what is noblest in the circumstances, as a good general uses the forces at his command to the best advantage in war. Such is the ideal character, the man who is best fitted to attain happiness in the world of men. On the other hand, the tragic hero is a man who fails to attain happiness, and fails in such a way that his career excites, not blame, but fear and pity in the highest degree. In the Poetics,he is described as not eminently good andShow MoreRelated tragoed Oedipus as the Ideal Tragic Hero of Oedipus the King (Oedipus Rex)1217 Words   |  5 PagesOedipus as the Ideal Tragic Hero of Oedipus the King In the introduction to Sophocles Oedipus the King, Sophocles defines a tragic hero as one who [behaves] admirably as a man, [but who] is nevertheless tripped up by forces beyond his control and understanding... (Sophocles 76).   In Oedipus the King, Oedipus is the tragic hero. The force that trips up the hero is fate, or, moira. It is Oedipuss actions that set the events into motion,   but it is ultimately his fate, and his attempted

French Demonstrative Pronouns Pronoms démonstratifs

Demonstrative pronouns (this one, that one, the one[s], these, those in English) refer to a previously-mentioned noun in a sentence. They must agree with the gender and number of the noun(s) they replace. The French demonstrative pronouns are: celui - masculine singularcelle - feminine singularceux - masculine pluralcelles - feminine plural Each of the four demonstrative pronouns can refer to something nearby or far away. That is, celui and celle can both mean this one or that one, while ceux and celles can both mean these or those. Your listener can usually tell by the context which you mean, but if you want to stress one or the other, you can use a suffix (see below). Demonstrative pronouns cannot stand alone; they must be used in one of the following constructions: With a Suffix   This is similar to  demonstrative adjectives, you can distinguish between this one and that one, these and those by adding the suffixes -ci (here) and -là   (there).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Quelle fille la fait, celle-ci ou celle-là  Ã‚  ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Which girl did it, this one or that one?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Je ne sais pas si je veux ceux-ci ou ceux-là  .  Ã‚  Ã‚  I dont know if I want these or those. In Prepositional Phrases In prepositional phrases, French demonstrative pronouns are usually introduced by de to indicate possession or origin:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Quel film veux-tu voir  ? Celui de la France ou celui du Canada  ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Which film do you want to see? The one from France or (the one from) Canada?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Je ne peux pas dà ©cider entre ces deux robes. Celle de soie est plus jolie mais aussi plus chà ¨re que celle de coton.  Ã‚  Ã‚  I cant decide between these two dresses. The silk one is prettier but also more expensive than the cotton one. Followed by a Relative Pronoun, Plus a Dependent Clause   Ã‚  Ã‚  Celui qui a menti sera puni.  Ã‚  Ã‚  He who  / Whoever lied will be punished.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ceux qui sont polis recevront un cadeau.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Those who are polite will receive a gift. English Masculine Feminine this, that celui celle these, those ceux celles You may also be interested in this related topic,  Demonstrative adjectives.